Alnus glutinosa

Common Alder

Alder is a powerful medicinal tree known for its astringent, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. It has been traditionally used for wound healing, digestive support, and as a remedy for respiratory infections.

Scientific Name: Alnus glutinosa
Common Name: Common Alder | Black Alder | European Alder
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fagales
Family: Betulaceae (Birch Family)
Genus: Alnus
Species: A. glutinosa
Origin: Native to Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia; naturalized in parts of North America.

Energetics of the Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa)

In herbal energetics, Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) is traditionally classified based on its effects on the body. Here’s how it is typically described:

Temperature
Cooling
Helps reduce inflammation, fever, and heat-related conditions.
Moistening | Drying

Drying

Astringent action helps tone tissues, reduce excess mucus, and clear damp conditions.
Tissue State Tendency
Damp/Stagnant
Used to improve sluggish circulation, lymphatic congestion, and fluid retention.
Taste
Bitter, Astringent
The bitterness supports digestion and liver function, while the astringency tightens and tones tissues.
Elemental Association
Water & Earth
Balances excess moisture in the body, promotes detoxification, and stabilizes bodily systems.

Cooling & Drying

Used to reduce heat and inflammation in conditions such as fevers, swollen glands, and infections.

Astringent

Helps tighten tissues, making it beneficial for wound healing, excessive menstrual bleeding, diarrhea, and gum health (used as a mouth rinse).

Lymphatic & Detoxifying

Traditionally used to support lymphatic drainage, aiding in the removal of toxins and reducing stagnation in the body.

Circulatory & Blood Purifying

Used to improve sluggish circulation, particularly in cases of swollen veins, varicose veins, and water retention.

Grounding & Stabilizing

Known in European folk medicine for post-illness recovery and building resilience, often used in combination with adaptogenic herbs.

Medicinal Action

Definition

Part Used

Astringent

Tightens and contracts tissues, reducing excessive secretions and improving wound healing.
Bark

Anti-Inflammatory

Reduces swelling, redness, and pain by modulating the body’s inflammatory response.
Bark

Anti-Bacterial

Inhibits bacterial growth, helping prevent infections and supporting immune defense.
Bark

Hemostatic

Helps stop bleeding by promoting clotting or constricting blood vessels.
Bark

Lymphatic

Supports the lymphatic system by promoting detoxification and reducing congestion.
Bark

Analgesic

Eases pain and discomfort, particularly in cases of joint inflammation or skin irritation.
Bark




Contraindications | Self Life | Preparation Method | Dosage Guidelines | Active Compounds | Traditional Uses | Foraging & Growing Tips

⚠️ Contraindications

  • Avoid excessive internal use in people with dry constitutions, as alder has drying properties.
  • May lower blood pressure—use cautiously in those prone to hypotension.
  • Not recommended during pregnancy due to its lymphatic and detoxifying effects.
  • Can cause mild gastrointestinal discomfort if taken in high doses.

⚠️ Contraindications (Who Should Avoid It?)

Do NOT use if you have:
Use with caution if you have:

⚠️ Contraindications for Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa)

ConditionAvoid/Use Caution?Reason
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding⚠️Use with cautionLimited research on safety during pregnancy and lactation. Consult a qualified herbalist before use.
Blood Clotting Disorders❌AvoidAlder has hemostatic properties, which may interfere with anticoagulant medications or conditions requiring regulated blood clotting.
Autoimmune Conditions⚠️Use with cautionIts potential immune-modulating effects could interact with autoimmune conditions like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis.
Surgery (Pre/Post-Operative)❌AvoidDue to its effects on blood clotting and circulation, alder should be discontinued at least two weeks before any surgical procedure.
Allergic Reactions❌Avoid if allergicIndividuals allergic to birch, hazelnut, or other members of the Betulaceae family may have cross-reactivity.
Sensitive Digestive Systems⚠️Use with cautionAstringent properties may cause stomach discomfort in sensitive individuals or those prone to digestive issues.

📦 Storage & Shelf Life

  • Dried Bark & Leaves: Store in an airtight container in a cool, dry place. Shelf life: 1-2 years.
  • Tincture: Store in amber dropper bottles. Shelf life: 3-5 years.
  • Infused Oil: Keep in a dark glass bottle, away from heat and light. Shelf life: 1 year.

🌿 Storage & Shelf Life of Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) 🌿

Preparation MethodStorage GuidelinesShelf Life
Dried Leaves & BarkStore in an airtight glass jar in a cool, dark, and dry place away from moisture and direct sunlight.1–2 years
Infusions & DecoctionsKeep refrigerated in a sealed glass container. Use within 24–48 hours.24–48 hours
Tinctures (Alcohol-Based)Store in a dark glass bottle away from heat and light.3–5 years
Glycerites (Glycerin-Based Extracts)Keep in an airtight container in a cool, dark place.1–3 years
Salves & OintmentsStore in airtight tins or jars at room temperature or refrigerated for extended shelf life.6–12 months
Powdered Bark or LeavesKeep in a sealed container in a dry, dark place.6–12 months
Oil InfusionsStore in a dark glass bottle in a cool place, or refrigerate.6 months–1 year

🌿 Preparation Methods for Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) 🌿

🌿 Internal Use

1️⃣ Decoction (Bark Tea for Inflammation & Digestion)

How to Make:

  1. Add 1 tablespoon of dried Alder bark to 2 cups of water.
  2. Simmer gently for 15-20 minutes.
  3. Strain and let cool before drinking.

Uses:

  • Supports liver detoxification.
  • Reduces digestive inflammation and diarrhea.
  • Helps with mild fevers and infections.

2️⃣ Tincture (Lymphatic & Liver Support)

How to Make:

  1. Fill a glass jar with chopped fresh Alder bark or leaves.
  2. Cover with 80-100 proof vodka until fully submerged.
  3. Store in a dark place for 4-6 weeks, shaking occasionally.
  4. Strain and store in a dropper bottle.

Dosage:

  • For Lymphatic Support & Detox: Take 30 drops (1 ml) in water, 2-3 times daily.
  • For Infections & Fevers: Take 40 drops (1.5 ml) up to 3 times daily.

3️⃣ Infusion (Leaf Tea for Fever & Skin Conditions)

How to Make:

  1. Steep 1 teaspoon of dried Alder leaves in 1 cup of hot water for 10-15 minutes.
  2. Strain and drink warm.

Uses:

  • Helps with fever and flu-like symptoms.
  • Can be used as a mouthwash for gum infections.
  • Promotes clear skin when taken regularly.

🌱 Internal Uses

MethodPreparationUses
Infusion (Tea)Steep 1 tsp dried bark or leaves in 1 cup of hot water for 10-15 minutes. Strain and drink.Supports digestion, soothes sore throats, relieves inflammation.
DecoctionSimmer 1-2 tsp dried bark in 2 cups of water for 15-20 minutes. Strain before drinking.Used for diarrhea, fevers, and gum infections.
Tincture (Alcohol Extract)Combine 1 part fresh or dried bark with 5 parts alcohol (vodka or brandy) in a glass jar. Let sit for 4-6 weeks, shaking occasionally. Strain and store.Taken in 10-30 drops per dose for inflammation, immune support, and circulation.
Glycerite (Non-Alcohol Extract)Replace alcohol with vegetable glycerin using the same tincture method. Let sit for 4-6 weeks before straining.A gentle alternative for children or those avoiding alcohol.
Powdered Bark or LeavesGrind dried bark or leaves into a fine powder. Take ½–1 tsp daily, mixed with warm water or honey.Supports digestion, immune system, and skin health.

🌿 External Use

4️⃣ Poultice (For Wounds & Swelling)

How to Make:

  1. Crush fresh Alder leaves into a paste.
  2. Apply directly to wounds, ulcers, swollen lymph nodes, or inflamed joints.
  3. Cover with a clean cloth and leave on for 30 minutes.

Uses:

  • Reduces swelling and pain.
  • Speeds up wound healing.
  • Helps with skin infections and eczema.

5️⃣ Infused Oil (For Skin Healing & Joint Pain)

How to Make:

  1. Fill a jar halfway with dried Alder leaves or bark.
  2. Cover with carrier oil (olive, almond, or coconut).
  3. Let infuse in a warm, sunny place for 4-6 weeks.
  4. Strain and store in a dark glass bottle.

Uses:

  • Treats eczema, psoriasis, and skin infections.
  • Soothes joint pain and muscle aches.
  • Can be used as a massage oil for swollen lymph nodes.

6️⃣ Gargle (For Sore Throats & Gum Infections)

How to Make:

  1. Prepare a strong Alder leaf infusion (1 tablespoon in 1 cup boiling water).
  2. Let cool and use as a mouth rinse or gargle 2-3 times daily.

Uses: Treats sore throats, inflamed gums, and mouth ulcers.

🌿 External Uses

MethodPreparationUses
PoulticeMix crushed fresh leaves or powdered bark with warm water to make a paste. Apply to affected area and cover with a cloth.Soothes insect bites, wounds, rashes, and swelling.
SalveInfuse dried bark or leaves in carrier oil (olive, coconut, etc.) for 4-6 weeks. Strain and mix with melted beeswax. Pour into a container to cool.Used for eczema, wounds, bruises, and dry skin.
Mouth Rinse (Gargle)Make a strong decoction (double strength) and use as a gargle or mouthwash 2-3 times daily.Treats sore throat, gum infections, and mouth ulcers.
Bath SoakAdd 2-3 cups of alder leaf decoction to warm bathwater. Soak for 15-20 minutes.Helps with skin irritation, inflammation, and muscle pain.
CompressSoak a clean cloth in a warm alder bark decoction and apply to swollen joints or skin irritations.Reduces swelling, bruising, and inflammation.

💧 Dosage Guidelines

  • Decoction (Bark Tea): Drink ½ cup twice daily.
  • Tincture: Take 30-40 drops in water, 2-3 times daily.
  • Infusion (Leaf Tea): Drink 1 cup, up to 3 times daily.
  • Poultice: Apply to wounds or swollen areas for 30 minutes, 1-2 times daily.
  • Infused Oil: Apply to affected skin or joints 1-2 times daily.
  • Gargle: Use 2-3 times daily for oral health.

🌿 General Dosage Guidelines for Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) 🌿

These dosage guidelines provide a safe and effective way to use Common Alder based on traditional herbal practices. Always consult a healthcare professional before beginning herbal treatments, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are taking medications.


🌱 Internal Use Dosages

Preparation MethodDosageFrequencyNotes
Infusion (Tea)1 cup (8 oz)Up to 3 times dailyBest consumed warm for digestive and immune support.
Decoction½ to 1 cup1-2 times dailyUse for stronger astringent or antimicrobial effects.
Tincture (1:5 in 40% alcohol)10-30 drops (0.5-1.5 mL)2-3 times dailyDilute in water or juice before taking.
Glycerite (Alcohol-Free Tincture)20-40 drops2-3 times dailyMilder alternative for children or alcohol-sensitive individuals.
Powdered Bark or Leaves¼ to ½ teaspoon1-2 times dailyCan be mixed with water, honey, or encapsulated.

🌿 External Use Dosages

Preparation MethodDosageFrequencyNotes
PoulticeApply a thick layerAs neededUse fresh or powdered bark/leaves mixed with warm water.
SalveA thin layer on affected area2-3 times dailyApply to wounds, bruises, or dry skin.
Mouth Rinse (Gargle)Swish 1-2 tbsp2-3 times dailyUse a strong decoction for sore throats or gum infections.
Bath Soak2-3 cups of decoction in bathwaterAs neededSoak for 15-20 minutes to soothe skin and joints.
CompressSoak cloth in warm decoction, apply to areaAs neededHelps with swelling, pain, or irritation.

⚠️ Important Notes:

  • Start with a low dose and gradually increase if needed.
  • Monitor for allergic reactions or sensitivity.
  • Use caution during pregnancy or breastfeeding—consult an herbalist or doctor.
  • Not suitable for long-term use (more than 6 weeks continuously) without professional guidance.

ℹ️ Recommended Usage & Dosage

  • Start with small doses and gradually increase to assess tolerance.
  • Always consult a healthcare provider before using for medicinal purposes, especially if taking medications or managing a medical condition.

🌿 Active Compounds in Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) 🌿

Common Alder contains a variety of bioactive compounds that contribute to its medicinal properties. Below is a breakdown of its key constituents and their therapeutic effects.


Active CompoundCategoryActions & Benefits
TanninsPolyphenolsAstringent, hemostatic, anti-inflammatory; helps tighten tissues, stop bleeding, and reduce inflammation.
Flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, kaempferol)AntioxidantsAnti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and supports immune function.
Betulin & Betulinic AcidTriterpenoidsAntiviral, wound healing, and supports skin regeneration.
AlnulinPolysaccharideImmunomodulating, supports gut health, and promotes healing.
Phenolic Acids (e.g., gallic acid, ellagic acid)AntioxidantsProtects cells from oxidative stress, supports liver detoxification.
Essential OilsVolatile CompoundsMild antimicrobial, helps with respiratory health and skin conditions.
SalicylatesAnti-inflammatory AgentsNatural pain-reliever, similar to aspirin, useful for headaches, muscle pain, and joint inflammation.
Resins & GumsSticky Plant SecretionsWound healing, protective barrier for skin and mucous membranes.
LignansPhytoestrogensAntioxidant, antimicrobial, and supports hormonal balance.

🌟 Summary of Benefits

  • Astringent & Hemostatic: Stops bleeding, tightens tissues, and reduces excess secretions.
  • Anti-Inflammatory & Pain Relief: Helps soothe irritated tissues, reduce swelling, and ease discomfort.
  • Antimicrobial & Immune-Supporting: Protects against bacterial and viral infections.
  • Wound Healing & Skin Care: Used in salves and poultices for cuts, burns, and rashes.
  • Digestive & Liver Support: Aids digestion, supports liver function, and helps with diarrhea or bloating.
  • Joint & Muscle Pain Relief: Contains natural salicylates for pain relief similar to willow bark.

🔥 Ailments & Uses for Common Alder

🦠 Infections & Immune Support

Sore Throat & Tonsillitis – Gargle with Alder leaf infusion to soothe inflammation and fight bacteria.
Fever & Colds – Decoctions help reduce fever and promote immune function.
Gum Infections & Mouth Ulcers – Used as a mouthwash for gum disease, bleeding gums, and ulcers.
Respiratory Infections – Helps clear phlegm and lung congestion (used in teas or steam inhalations).

🩸 Blood & Circulatory System

Lymphatic Congestion – Supports lymph drainage and detoxification.
Poor Circulation & Cold Extremities – Used as a warm circulatory stimulant.
Varicose Veins & Hemorrhoids – Astringent properties help tone blood vessels and reduce swelling.

🦷 Oral & Dental Health

Bleeding Gums & Gingivitis – Used in herbal mouth rinses to strengthen gums.
Toothache – Anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties can ease tooth pain.

🩹 Skin Conditions & Wound Healing

Cuts, Scrapes, & Wounds – Antiseptic wash for cleansing and speeding up healing.
Eczema & Psoriasis – Applied externally to reduce redness, irritation, and itching.
Acne & Oily Skin – Astringent action tightens pores and reduces oil production.
Burns & Sunburns – Soothing compresses help cool and heal damaged skin.
Insect Bites & Stings – Applied to reduce swelling and irritation.

🔥 Anti-Inflammatory & Pain Relief

Arthritis & Joint Pain – Used as a decoction, infused oil, or poultice for joint inflammation.
Muscle Soreness & Bruises – Reduces swelling and pain when applied topically.

🦠 Digestive System & Gut Health

Diarrhea & Dysentery – Bark decoction reduces excessive bowel movements due to its astringent effect.
Ulcers & Gastritis – Helps soothe inflammation in the stomach lining.
Liver Detoxification – Supports the liver’s natural detox processes.

🚽 Urinary & Kidney Health

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) – Diuretic properties help flush bacteria from the urinary tract.
Kidney Support – Encourages healthy kidney function and detoxification.

🧠 Nervous System & Mental Health

Headaches & Migraines – Used traditionally to ease tension headaches.
Stress & Anxiety – Mild sedative effect when used in infusions or tinctures.

🦶 Fungal & Bacterial Infections

Athlete’s Foot & Fungal Skin Infections – Antifungal properties help clear infections.
Yeast Infections & Candidiasis – Used as a wash or internal detox support.

🌿 Ailments & Remedies Using Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) 🌿

Common Alder has been traditionally used to support a variety of health conditions. Below are targeted remedies for specific ailments, incorporating Alder’s active compounds for internal and external applications.


1. Sore Throat & Inflamed Gums

🌿 Remedy: Alder Bark Gargle
🔹 Ingredients:

  • 1 tbsp dried alder bark
  • 1 cup boiling water
  • ½ tsp salt (optional for added antimicrobial action)

🔹 Preparation & Use:

  1. Steep the alder bark in boiling water for 15–20 minutes.
  2. Strain and let cool to a comfortable temperature.
  3. Gargle with the infusion 3–4 times a day to reduce inflammation and pain.

🔹 Why It Works:

  • Astringent tannins help tighten swollen tissues and reduce excess mucus.
  • Anti-inflammatory salicylates soothe irritation.
  • Antimicrobial flavonoids combat oral bacteria.

2. Skin Wounds, Burns & Ulcers

🌿 Remedy: Alder Healing Poultice
🔹 Ingredients:

  • 2 tbsp fresh alder leaves (crushed) OR 1 tbsp dried alder leaf powder
  • 1 tbsp aloe vera gel (optional for extra cooling effect)
  • 1 tsp honey (natural antimicrobial)

🔹 Preparation & Use:

  1. Crush the alder leaves into a paste (or mix dried leaf powder with warm water).
  2. Add aloe vera gel and honey.
  3. Apply the mixture directly to the affected area and cover with a clean cloth.
  4. Leave on for 30–60 minutes and repeat twice daily.

🔹 Why It Works:

  • Alder resins & tannins promote skin healing and prevent infection.
  • Astringent effect reduces swelling and closes wounds faster.
  • Antimicrobial compounds fight bacterial contamination.

3. Diarrhea & Digestive Inflammation

🌿 Remedy: Alder Bark Tea
🔹 Ingredients:

  • 1 tsp dried alder bark
  • 1 cup boiling water
  • ½ tsp cinnamon (for warmth & digestion support)

🔹 Preparation & Use:

  1. Steep alder bark in boiling water for 10–15 minutes.
  2. Strain and drink warm, up to twice daily.

🔹 Why It Works:

  • Astringent tannins help tone the intestines and reduce excessive fluid loss.
  • Anti-inflammatory properties soothe gut irritation.
  • Mild antimicrobial effects protect against bacterial imbalances.

4. Joint & Muscle Pain (Arthritis, Rheumatism)

🌿 Remedy: Alder Leaf & Bark Salve
🔹 Ingredients:

  • 2 tbsp dried alder leaves OR bark
  • ½ cup coconut oil or olive oil
  • 1 tbsp beeswax
  • 10 drops essential oil (optional: wintergreen or peppermint for added pain relief)

🔹 Preparation & Use:

  1. Infuse the alder leaves/bark in warm oil (double boiler method for 2 hours).
  2. Strain out plant material and mix oil with melted beeswax.
  3. Pour into a small jar and let cool.
  4. Apply to painful joints or muscles 2–3 times a day.

🔹 Why It Works:

  • Natural salicylates provide aspirin-like pain relief.
  • Anti-inflammatory flavonoids reduce swelling and improve circulation.
  • Skin-penetrating resins help deliver relief deep into the tissues.

5. Fever & Detox Support

🌿 Remedy: Alder Detox Decoction
🔹 Ingredients:

  • 1 tbsp alder bark (cut & sifted)
  • 1 cup water
  • ½ tsp grated ginger (optional for additional circulation boost)

🔹 Preparation & Use:

  1. Simmer the alder bark in low heat for 20 minutes.
  2. Strain and sip slowly while warm.

🔹 Why It Works:

  • Detoxifying tannins & flavonoids support liver function.
  • Diaphoretic properties promote gentle sweating to break fevers.
  • Mild antimicrobial action supports the immune system.

6. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

🌿 Remedy: Alder & Birch Leaf Infusion
🔹 Ingredients:

  • 1 tsp dried alder leaves
  • 1 tsp dried birch leaves
  • 1 cup hot water

🔹 Preparation & Use:

  1. Steep both herbs in hot water for 15 minutes.
  2. Strain and drink up to twice daily.

🔹 Why It Works:

  • Alder’s antimicrobial tannins help fight infection.
  • Birch’s diuretic properties help flush bacteria from the urinary tract.
  • Anti-inflammatory compounds reduce discomfort and urgency.

🌟 Summary of Alder’s Traditional & Advanced Herbal Uses

AilmentRemedyApplication Method
Sore Throat & Gum InflammationAlder Bark GargleHerbal Tea Gargle
Skin Wounds, Burns & UlcersHealing PoulticeDirect Application
Diarrhea & Digestive IssuesAlder Bark TeaInternal Use
Joint & Muscle PainAlder Leaf & Bark SalveTopical Application
Fever & Detox SupportAlder Detox DecoctionInternal Use
UTI & Bladder HealthAlder & Birch Leaf InfusionInternal Use

🧪 Scientific Studies

  • Studies confirm Alder’s antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Research suggests lymphatic and circulatory benefits.
  • Historically used in European herbalism for skin conditions and wound care.

🌿 Foraging & Growing Tips for Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) 🌿

Common Alder is a hardy, fast-growing tree that thrives in wetlands, riverbanks, and moist woodlands. It is a valuable tree for both ecological restoration and herbal medicine. Below are tips for sustainable foraging and successful cultivation.


🌱 Foraging Common Alder in the Wild

🔍 Identification Tips:

  • Leaves: Rounded with serrated edges, dark green, and slightly sticky when young.
  • Bark: Dark brown to gray with fissures, becoming rougher as the tree matures.
  • Flowers: Long yellow-brown catkins (male) and small reddish cone-like catkins (female).
  • Fruit: Small, woody cones that release seeds in late autumn.
  • Roots: Nitrogen-fixing, commonly found in waterlogged soil.

🌲 Where to Find Alder:
✅ Near rivers, marshes, and damp woodlands.
✅ Edges of lakes or streams where the soil is moist.
✅ Frequently found in temperate regions of Europe, Asia, and North America.

⚠️ Ethical & Sustainable Harvesting:
✔️ Harvest leaves in spring or early summer when they are vibrant and full of nutrients.
✔️ Bark should be collected from naturally fallen branches to avoid harming the tree.
✔️ Catkins (flowers) are best harvested in late winter or early spring before they release pollen.
✔️ Take only what you need to allow the tree to regenerate.
✔️ Avoid overharvesting in one area to maintain biodiversity.


🌿 Growing Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) at Home

🌍 Ideal Growing Conditions:

Soil: Moist, rich, well-draining, slightly acidic to neutral (pH 5.5–7.0).
Light: Prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade.
Water: Requires consistent moisture (grows well near ponds or damp areas).
Temperature: Hardy in USDA zones 3–7, tolerating temperatures down to -30°F (-34°C).

🌱 How to Grow Alder Trees from Seeds or Cuttings:

1️⃣ Growing from Seeds:

  1. Collect alder cones in late autumn and let them dry indoors.
  2. Shake out small winged seeds from the cones.
  3. Cold stratify the seeds by storing them in the refrigerator for 2–3 months.
  4. Sow seeds in early spring in moist, well-drained soil.
  5. Keep consistently damp, and seedlings should emerge in 2–4 weeks.

2️⃣ Growing from Cuttings:

  1. Take 6–10 inch (15–25 cm) cuttings from a young alder branch in late autumn.
  2. Remove lower leaves and dip the base in rooting hormone.
  3. Plant in moist soil or a container with a sand-peat mixture.
  4. Keep in a humid, shaded area until roots form (about 4–6 weeks).

🌿 Companion Planting & Benefits of Alder in the Landscape

🌾 Soil Enrichment: Alder is a nitrogen-fixing tree, improving soil fertility for surrounding plants.
🌻 Companion Plants: Works well alongside willow, elderberry, wild mint, and comfrey in wetland ecosystems.
🦋 Wildlife Habitat: Provides food and shelter for pollinators, birds, and small mammals.
🛡️ Erosion Control: Often planted along riverbanks to prevent soil erosion.


🌱 Summary of Alder Growing & Foraging Tips

AspectDetails
Best Foraging TimeSpring & Summer (leaves), Late Winter (catkins), Fall (cones & seeds)
Harvesting TipsCollect bark from fallen branches, gather catkins before they release pollen
Ideal SoilMoist, rich, slightly acidic to neutral
Light RequirementsFull sun preferred, tolerates partial shade
Water NeedsThrives in damp areas, regular watering required
Growing MethodsSeeds (cold stratification) or Cuttings (rooting hormone)
Companion PlantsWillow, Elderberry, Wild Mint, Comfrey

Advanced Herbology Remedies!

Frequently Asked Questions About Gum Arabic Tree

The Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) is unique because it has a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in its root nodules, which helps improve soil fertility. Unlike many trees, its wood remains strong even when submerged in water, making it ideal for use in bridge foundations and underwater structures.
Alder bark is astringent, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic. It is used in wound healing, as a mouth rinse for gum infections, and to make poultices for joint pain. A bark tea can help with digestive issues, fever, and inflammation.

The tree has round, toothed leaves that stay green into autumn, distinctive catkins (flowers) that appear before the leaves in early spring, and small woody cones that persist on the branches through winter. The bark is grayish-brown with a slightly fissured texture.

Yes! Common Alder improves soil quality by adding nitrogen, provides habitat and food for wildlife, and prevents soil erosion along riverbanks due to its extensive root system. Its wood was historically used for flood-resistant foundations in cities like Venice.
Yes! The bark and cones of the Common Alder produce natural dyes. The bark yields red-brown dye, while the cones create golden or reddish tones. This was historically used to dye clothing and leather.

Yes. While generally safe, large doses of Alder bark tea can cause nausea due to its tannin content. It should be avoided during pregnancy and by individuals with sensitive digestion. Always consult a healthcare professional before medicinal use.